John Kenneth Mackenzie

His work was varied and included general medicine, surgery, and working to cure opium addiction. In 1878 he transferred to Tientsin (Tianjin), where, with the patronage of wealthy Chinese and Li Hongzhang, viceroy of the Metropolitan Province, he was able to build a hospital. His effort to establish a medical school in 1881 failed because the Chinese army and navy did not want to use foreign-trained doctors. Mackenzie emphasized evangelism as the principal rationale for medical work. With this emphasis and his widely acclaimed medical skills, he established unusual rapport with the Tientsin community. In 1886 he helped to organize the Medical Missionary Association of China. He died from smallpox contracted from a patient.